Why have decades of negotiations, sanctions, and military pressure failed to change Iran’s behavior? According to Dr. Harold Rhode, the answer lies in something far deeper than politics. It lies in culture.

Having lived in Iran during the Islamic Revolution and later served for twenty-eight years as the Pentagon’s leading adviser on the Islamic world, Dr. Rhode argues that American policymakers repeatedly misunderstand how Iranian leaders think because they assume that other cultures share Western assumptions about compromise, diplomacy, and power. Drawing on his remarkable firsthand experiences, he explains why cultural misunderstandings have shaped U.S. policy toward Iran for decades, how the regime maintains its grip on power, and what Israel and the United States should learn if they hope to confront the Islamic Republic successfully.

This conversation offers a fascinating look at the intersection of culture, history, and geopolitics, and demonstrates why understanding an adversary’s worldview may be the most important step toward defeating it.