Twenty Jews were killed in antisemitic attacks in 2025, all of them in countries belonging to the J7, the Large Communities’ Task Force Against Antisemitism. According to the group’s newly released second Annual Report on Antisemitism, it is the deadliest year for diaspora Jewry in more than 30 years, since the 1994 AMIA bombing in Buenos Aires.

The report covers Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States, the seven countries with the largest Jewish populations outside Israel, and adds an “In Focus” chapter on Ireland for the first time. The timing of its worst finding is difficult to read past. On December 8, 2025, J7 leaders meeting in Sydney closed their summit with a call for governments to “take all necessary steps to fight antisemitism and ensure the security of the Jewish community.” Six days later came the Bondi Beach attack, where two gunmen murdered 15 people at a Hanukkah event.

From the report, the deadly attacks named across the J7 countries in 2025:

• Bondi Beach, Sydney (December 2025) — Two gunmen murdered 15 people at a Hanukkah event, six days after the J7 Task Force’s own summit closing statement warned governments to strengthen protection of Jewish communities.
• Heaton Park Synagogue, Manchester (Yom Kippur, October 2, 2025) — A terror attack killed two people at the synagogue; CST recorded 40 antisemitic incidents on the day of the attack and 40 more the following day, the two highest daily totals of the year in the UK, with a 183 percent surge in incidents over the following week.
• Capital Jewish Museum, Washington, D.C. (May 21, 2025) — Two victims, Sarah Milgrim and Yaron Lischinsky, were killed in the attack, part of the three antisemitic murders recorded in the United States in 2025.
• Boulder, Colorado (2025) — A grandmother was killed in an antisemitic attack, the third American fatality named in the report alongside the Capital Jewish Museum victims.

Together these four attacks account for the 20 antisemitic murders the report documents across J7 countries in 2025, the deadliest single year for diaspora Jews since the 1994 AMIA bombing in Buenos Aires.

Combined, the seven J7 countries recorded more than 91,000 antisemitic incidents between 2021 and 2025, with 23,174 of those logged in 2025 alone.

The Numbers by Country

Germany posts the worst rate of any J7 country by a wide margin, at 69.80 incidents per 1,000 Jewish residents in 2025, nearly triple its 2021 rate. The report traces this to a rare convergence: organized antisemitic acts from Germany’s far-right AfD and its far-left parties in roughly equal measure, following a 2025 federal election in which the two extremes together captured more than a third of parliamentary seats.

Canada’s numbers show the sharpest disproportion. Jewish Canadians were 22 times more likely to be the victim of a hate crime than the average Canadian in 2025, and accounted for 71 percent of all religion-motivated hate crimes nationally while making up under 1 percent of the population, the single most disproportionate targeting recorded for any Jewish community in the report.

Australia’s incident count rose from 231 in 2013 to 1,654 in 2025, a 270 percent increase since 2021 and the sharpest rise of any J7 country. The Bondi Beach massacre came after a year in which three-quarters of Jewish students reported hearing antisemitic comments on campus.

France recorded 1,320 incidents, more than 3.5 a day, and its chapter introduces a term worth noting on its own: “antisemitism of atmosphere,” an antisemitism that “floats in the air” and intrudes into professional and social life through refusals of service and quiet exclusion rather than organized attacks. The United Kingdom recorded 3,700 incidents, its second-highest total on record, with a documented 183 percent surge in incidents in the week following the Heaton Park attack alone.

Anti-Zionism as the Primary Vehicle

Across nearly every country chapter, the report identifies the same shift: antisemitism is increasingly expressed through anti-Zionist language rather than classical antisemitic tropes. In the United Kingdom, anti-Zionism was the stated motivation behind 48 percent of all incidents, and more than 53 percent referenced Israel, Gaza, the war, or October 7 directly. In Germany, incidents categorized as anti-Israel activism still accounted for at least 22.6 percent of all recorded cases even as the category declined from its 2024 peak.

The report treats this as a documented pattern rather than a matter of interpretation, and several country chapters explicitly warn against treating anti-Zionism and antisemitism as separate phenomena. Canada’s chapter states plainly that concepts like “Anti-Palestinian Racism” are being used to convince institutions that Zionism itself is inherently illegitimate, and names this as a direct threat to Jewish safety.

The AI Warning

One finding stands apart from the incident counts. The report cites ADL research showing that four leading large language models, OpenAI’s GPT, Anthropic’s Claude, Google’s Gemini, and Meta’s Llama, exhibited measurable anti-Jewish bias in English, and that AI video generation tools produced antisemitic outputs in a large share of test cases. The report calls this a qualitative shift in the threat environment, one that “no existing legal or regulatory framework has yet adequately addressed.” Testing of open-source models found that a significant share generated dangerous responses when prompted for the addresses of synagogues alongside nearby gun stores, a finding the report ties directly to at least two cases in which mass shooters are alleged to have used AI tools in planning their attacks.

The Focus on America

The United States chapter, prepared by the ADL and the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations, tracked 6,274 antisemitic incidents in 2025, averaging 17 per day across all 50 states and Washington, D.C. Two people were killed in Washington and one in Boulder, and at least 300 were physically assaulted. New York, California, and New Jersey recorded the highest state totals.

The topline number is down 33 percent from 2024’s record high, but the report is direct in cautioning against reading that as improvement. The overall decline is attributed almost entirely to the winding down of campus encampment activity, which drove a 66 percent drop in campus incidents that nonetheless remain four times higher than four years ago. Physical assaults, meanwhile, are the one category still climbing, with incidents involving a deadly weapon rising from 23 in 2024 to 32 in 2025. Israel- or Zionism-related incidents made up 45 percent of the total, compared with roughly 10 percent between 2020 and 2022, a shift the report treats as one of the year’s most significant findings.

Government response has been active on paper. President Trump signed Executive Order 14188 in January 2025, reaffirming Executive Order 13899 and directing every federal agency to apply the IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism. The Department of Justice stood up a multi-agency Federal Task Force to Combat Antisemitism, and enforcement actions against universities under Title VI have continued through 2025 and into 2026. The report calls these steps positive while flagging one specific concern: continued, secure funding for the Nonprofit Security Grant Program, which synagogues, Jewish day schools, and community centers depend on directly for physical security.

Community-level data shows the toll behind the incident counts. Fifty-five percent of Jewish Americans experienced at least one form of antisemitism in the prior year, and those who experienced direct harm were roughly twice as likely to screen above clinical thresholds for anxiety and depression. One in five Jews who had previously worn something identifiably Jewish stopped doing so after October 7. Yet the same data records a countervailing trend: 62 percent of those directly harmed responded by seeking closer connection to Jewish community rather than distancing from it, a pattern the report’s authors describe as resilience rather than retreat.

The report closes with a direct call to governments, universities, and technology companies to move from documentation to enforcement, and states that twenty deaths in a single year leave no room for treating antisemitism as a matter still open for debate.